AgriInfo Glossary

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Glossaries

Term Definition
phenylalanine hydroxylase enzyme

Phenylalanine

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phonation

Is the process by which the vocal folds produce certain sounds through quasi-periodic vibration. This is the definition used among those who study laryngeal anatomy and physiology and speech production in general.

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phosphorylation

Phosphorylation of a molecule is the attachment of a phosphoryl group. Together with its counterpart, dephosphorylation, it is critical for many cellular processes in biology

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pistons

Is a disc or short cylinder fitting closely within a tube in which it moves up and down against a liquid or gas, used in an internal combustion engine to derive motion, or in a pump to impart motion.

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pituitary

The major endocrine gland, a pea-sized body attached to the base of the brain that is important in controlling growth and development and the functioning of the other endocrine glands

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pituitary gland

Is the major endocrine gland, a pea-sized body attached to the base of the brain that is important in controlling growth and development and the functioning of the other endocrine glands.

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plant succession

Succession is a directional non-seasonal cumulative change in the types of plant species that occupy a given area through time. It involves the processes of colonization, establishment, and extinction, which act on the participating plant species.

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planum nasale

An imaginary surface formed by extension of a point through any axis or two definite points, in reference especially to craniometry and to pelvimetry.

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pleura

Is a thin membrane that lines the surface of the

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pneumonia

Lung inflammation caused by bacterial or viral infection, in which the air sacs fill with pus and may become solid. Inflammation may affect both lungs (double pneumonia) or only one (single pneumonia).

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polled

(Of cattle, sheep, or goats) Lacking horns, either naturally or because they have been removed.

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polygenic

Relating to or determined by polygenes.

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polynucleotide

A linear polymer whose molecule is composed of many nucleotide units, constituting a section of a nucleic acid molecule.

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polyploid

Is a condition in which the cells of an organism have more than two paired sets of chromosomes. Most species whose cells have nuclei are diploid, meaning they have two sets of chromosomes?one set inherited from each parent.

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polysaccharides

A carbohydrate (e.g. starch, cellulose, or glycogen) whose molecules consist of a number of sugar molecules bonded together.

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